Roots

The very strands that crown us, holding the sun’s memory within their coils and undulations, carry whispers from an ancient land. For those whose hair dances with texture, whose lineage stretches through the vibrant arteries of Africa and the diaspora, the connection to Kemet is more than historical fact. It is a resonant chord, a deep echo of ancestral wisdom woven into the very biology of our hair.

Consider for a moment the profound continuity; how the practices and philosophies of a civilization blossoming along the Nile millennia ago continue to speak to our textured hair heritage today. This is not a distant, academic exercise; it is a homecoming, a recognition that the care rituals and symbolic meanings we associate with our hair are deeply rooted in a shared past.

Kemetian hair traditions offer a profound ancestral blueprint for understanding and honoring modern textured hair, bridging ancient care practices with contemporary identity.

Our hair, often a site of both struggle and profound self-expression, holds a biological story as old as time. The unique helical structures of textured hair ❉ its delicate cuticle layers, its tendency towards dryness, its glorious capacity for volume ❉ find a surprising kinship with the challenges and triumphs of those who lived in Kemet. Modern science now verifies what ancient practitioners intuitively knew: the very architecture of hair with its distinct twists and bends, requires a specific, thoughtful approach to care.

This understanding, that hair is a living, responsive entity, guided the Kemetians as they developed their sophisticated routines. They were, in a sense, the original hair scientists, observing and responding to hair’s elemental biology.

Bathed in natural light, this tender scene encapsulates a mother's care for her daughter's coily hair, using specialized products that speak to holistic wellness and ancestral heritage. This moment underscores the powerful connection, expressed through shared traditions of Black hair grooming and love

Ancient Understanding of Hair

In Kemet, hair was seen as a living part of the individual, imbued with spiritual, social, and cultural significance. It was a canvas, a marker, a conduit. Beyond superficial appearance, Kemetians recognized hair as a physiological extension of the body, susceptible to environmental conditions and nutritional influences. Archeological discoveries, including preserved hair from mummies, reveal not only sophisticated styling but also evidence of protective measures and remedial treatments.

This suggests a deep, experiential knowledge of hair’s vulnerability and its requirements for strength and vitality. They understood, for instance, that a dry environment necessitates consistent moisture, a principle still foundational to textured hair care today.

Gathered in community, women meticulously braid, preserving ancestral heritage through the creation of protective hairstyles that honor textured hair traditions, enhanced by nourishing Jojoba and Shea butter hair products, a symbol of collective care and wellness.

How Did Kemetians View Hair’s Fundamental Structure?

While formal anatomical studies as we know them were not part of their lexicon, the Kemetians possessed an observational understanding of hair’s qualities. They worked with various hair types, from fine to coarse, straight to coiled, often incorporating real human hair into elaborate wigs and extensions. This practice alone speaks to a recognition of differing textures and the manipulation required for diverse aesthetic outcomes. The fact that they used natural substances to create adhesion for elaborate styles, as evidenced by a fat-based ‘gel’ discovered on mummy hair, containing long-chain fatty acids like palmitic and stearic acid, indicates a rudimentary, yet effective, understanding of product formulation and its interaction with hair fibers (McCreesh et al.

2011). This ancient ‘gel’ functioned to hold styles in place, reflecting an applied scientific approach to hair’s structural needs, much like modern styling gels stabilize curls and coils.

  • Castor Oil ❉ Widely used for its moisturizing properties, supporting hair growth and strengthening strands. Its presence in Kemetian beauty regimens points to an early understanding of emollients for hair health.
  • Almond Oil ❉ Applied to keep locks smooth and hydrated, also found in various ancient beauty concoctions. This oil provided natural sheen and nourishment, much as it does for textured hair today.
  • Honey ❉ Often combined with oils and herbs for hair masks, promoting growth and adding luminosity. Its humectant properties would have been beneficial for retaining moisture.
  • Herbs ❉ Ingredients such as fenugreek and aloe vera were employed for thick, luminous hair and scalp health. These botanicals provided vitamins, minerals, and soothing qualities.
  • Animal Fats and Beeswax ❉ Used for styling and setting wigs, providing hold and a polished appearance. These substances offered a foundational ‘styling product’ with conditioning elements.

The Kemetian appreciation for various hair forms, whether natural or augmented by wigs and extensions, suggests an acceptance of diversity in hair that often stands in contrast to later European beauty standards. Their methods for hair care, including the use of oils, masks, and styling agents, reveal an ancestral knowledge system that aligned with the specific needs of textured hair, recognizing its porosity and curl patterns.

The Kemetian approach was holistic, understanding hair care as interwoven with personal identity, social standing, and even spiritual practice. This heritage perspective invites us to reconsider our relationship with our own hair, moving beyond mere aesthetics to a deeper appreciation of its historical weight and living significance.

Ritual

The touch of fingers through strands, the rhythmic pull of a comb, the thoughtful application of a soothing balm ❉ these are gestures that connect us not just to our own being, but to an ancient lineage of care. In Kemet, the meticulous attention paid to hair was more than vanity; it was a ritual, a profound engagement with self and community, with status and spirituality. These practices, once performed under the watchful eyes of pharaohs and priests, echo in the modern textured hair community, where styling is often a cherished ritual of self-care, a legacy passed down through generations. The very act of preparing hair, from deep conditioning to intricate braiding, carries the weight of history.

The intricate styling and meticulous care of Kemetian hair traditions form a foundational blueprint for many modern textured hair practices, especially protective styles.
The monochrome composition draws focus to the detailed braid patterns and the textured bun, emphasizing the importance of protective styles in Black hair traditions. This image celebrates hair styling as a powerful form of heritage expression and individual identity through holistic hair care

Echoes of Ancestral Styling

Kemetian hairstyles were a complex language, communicating age, social status, gender, and even religious affiliations. This was a society where hair was not simply present; it spoke volumes. Men, women, and children all participated in elaborate hair customs. While elite men often sported short or shaven heads, they frequently wore elaborate wigs for public display, which could be short, mid-length, or even shoulder-length, signifying power and authority.

Women, regardless of social standing, generally maintained long hair, frequently styled into multiple narrow plaited, twisted, or crimped tresses. This ancient emphasis on plaits and twists directly parallels the core techniques in many modern textured hair styles, such as braids and twists, which are celebrated for their protective qualities and aesthetic versatility.

Radiant smiles reflect connection as textured hair is meticulously braided affirming cultural heritage, community and the art of expressive styling. This moment underscores the deep rooted tradition of Black hair care as self care, celebrating identity and skilled artistry in textured hair formation for wellness

How Do Kemetian Braids Speak to Modern Protective Styles?

One of the most striking connections lies in the prevalence and symbolism of braiding. Archaeological evidence suggests that braided styles, including those resembling what we call “box braids” today, were common in ancient Kemet, dating back thousands of years. These were not merely stylistic choices; they were often protective. Braids safeguarded the hair from the harsh desert environment, reduced tangling, and maintained cleanliness.

This protective function is a cornerstone of modern textured hair care, where styles like braids, cornrows, and twists are utilized to minimize manipulation, retain length, and shield delicate strands from environmental stressors. The ingenuity of Kemetian styling, whether for daily wear or elaborate ceremonial occasions, provides a clear ancestral link to the modern understanding of hair longevity and health through protective measures. The “sidelock of youth,” a single plait worn by children until puberty, serves as another example of a stylized, yet protective, hair custom.

Beyond braids, the Kemetians were masters of hair augmentation. Wigs, crafted from human hair and plant fibers, sometimes interwoven with gold thread, were not only symbols of wealth and prestige but also served practical purposes, protecting the natural scalp and hair beneath from the sun and even lice. These wigs, often elaborately curled and styled with a fat-based substance, indicate a clear precursor to modern extensions and weaves, which are also used for versatility, volume, and protection for textured hair.

The portrait captures the essence of Maasai identity through intricate beadwork and short Afro-textured hair, a powerful representation of ancestral heritage and holistic beauty. Expressive styling and light celebrate Black hair traditions, inviting contemplation on cultural narratives woven into each coil and adornment

Tools and Techniques of the Past

The tools used by Kemetians for hair care bear a resemblance to items found in modern textured hair toolkits. Combs, often crafted from fish bones or ebony wood, have been discovered in archaeological sites. These combs, likely designed with wider teeth to navigate the natural texture of hair, suggest a pragmatic approach to detangling and styling. The existence of implements resembling curling tongs points to an ancient desire for specific curl patterns, reminiscent of modern techniques for defining and enhancing textured curls.

  • Combs and Picks ❉ Used for detangling and styling, their broad teeth akin to modern wide-tooth combs designed for textured hair.
  • Hairpins and Accessories ❉ Employed for securing styles and adding adornment, showcasing a historical continuity of decorative hair elements.
  • Oils and Balms ❉ Applied for lubrication, shine, and hold, mirroring contemporary moisturizers and styling creams.

The ceremonial aspect of Kemetian hair styling, often performed in communal settings, parallels the shared experience of hair care in many Black and mixed-race communities today. Braiding sessions, for instance, historically served as occasions for oral tradition, storytelling, and the transmission of cultural knowledge across generations. This communal heritage of hair care transforms a simple routine into a deeply meaningful practice, a ritual that affirms identity and connection to ancestry.

Relay

The thread of ancestral wisdom, spun through millennia, continues to nourish the very fibers of our textured hair. From the meticulous care routines of Kemet to the vibrant practices observed today, there is a clear, unbroken lineage that speaks to more than mere cosmetic upkeep. It speaks to a deep-seated understanding of wellness, of hair as an extension of one’s holistic being, and of problem-solving rooted in the abundant gifts of the natural world. This is the enduring heritage, a living archive of care that has been relayed across time, adapted, and reclaimed by generations.

Kemetian beauty practices, rooted in ancestral knowledge and natural ingredients, form a continuum with contemporary textured hair care, addressing concerns from moisture to scalp health.
This silver-toned hammered hair fork stands as a symbol of enduring hairstyling practices, reflecting the rich heritage of securing and adorning textured formations. Integrating this durable design blends time-honored traditions with contemporary use, embodying holistic wellness and confident, expressive self-care

The Alchemy of Ingredients and Care

Kemetian hair care was intrinsically linked to their environment and the natural resources available. They were adept at transforming botanicals and natural substances into potent remedies for hair health and styling. The continuous application of oils, the preparation of masks, and the attention to cleansing were not arbitrary acts; they were calculated rituals designed to maintain hair integrity in a challenging climate. This ancestral wisdom informs much of the modern approach to textured hair, where natural ingredients and consistent, deliberate regimens are paramount.

This portrait presents a powerful expression of identity through hairstyling. With precision lines and expertly textured hair, it represents not just an aesthetic choice but celebrates cultural heritage and artistic individuality within textured hair traditions

How Do Kemetian Hair Care Ingredients Resonate with Modern Textured Hair Needs?

Consider the widespread Kemetian use of castor oil. Discovered in ancient tombs dating back to 4000 BCE, this oil was a staple for promoting hair growth and strengthening follicles (Nutrigold Blog, 2023). For modern textured hair, particularly coils and curls prone to dryness and breakage, castor oil remains a highly valued ingredient, renowned for its emollient properties and its ability to seal in moisture and fortify strands. Similarly, almond oil and olive oil, both used by Kemetians for soft, shiny hair, are still cherished in contemporary textured hair regimens for their nourishing fatty acids and vitamins.

These oils work to penetrate the hair shaft, providing lubrication and reducing friction, which is vital for maintaining the health of delicate textured strands. The Kemetians also mixed oils with honey and herbs, creating nutrient-rich hair masks. This tradition lives on in the modern practice of deep conditioning and hair masking, often using similar natural elements to revitalize and strengthen hair.

The Kemetians’ understanding extended to scalp health. While specific remedies for issues like dandruff are not explicitly detailed in all historical accounts, their reliance on cleansing with natural elements, possibly including a form of soda, and the use of oils with antimicrobial properties, suggests an intuitive grasp of scalp hygiene. The widespread practice of wearing wigs, often to protect natural hair from lice and sun, also indicates a preventive health strategy. Today, a healthy scalp is recognized as the foundation for healthy textured hair growth, leading to a resurgence in interest in natural remedies and scalp massages, a clear echo of ancient holistic practices.

  1. Oil Treatments ❉ The Kemetian practice of saturating hair with oils like castor and almond directly mirrors modern pre-shampoo treatments and leave-in conditioners for moisture retention.
  2. Hair Masks ❉ Formulations with honey and various herbs for shine and growth find their contemporary counterparts in deep conditioning masks designed to fortify textured hair.
  3. Scalp Care ❉ The Kemetian focus on overall hair health inherently included the scalp, paralleling current regimens that prioritize a balanced scalp microbiome using natural extracts and gentle cleansing.
Community converges in this timeless frame, hands weaving a legacy into textured hair patterns, showcasing heritage and embracing the natural beauty, while bottles of products emphasize wellness and celebration of Black hair traditions. Expressive artistry blooms, affirming identity and ancestral connection

Nighttime Guardians and Daily Practices

The Kemetians understood the importance of protecting hair, not just during the day, but perhaps also during rest. While the specific mention of ‘bonnets’ is anachronistic, the widespread use of wigs and elaborate head coverings for both aesthetic and protective reasons points to a consciousness of hair preservation. These coverings would have shielded natural hair from friction, dust, and environmental elements, mimicking the role of modern bonnets and scarves in preserving textured styles and preventing moisture loss during sleep. The attention to detail in their funerary hair preparations, ensuring styles remained intact for the afterlife, speaks to an enduring belief in hair’s significance even beyond life itself.

Modern textured hair care deeply values nighttime rituals. Sleeping on satin or silk bonnets and pillowcases is a commonplace practice to reduce frizz, retain moisture, and prevent breakage, drawing a direct line to the ancient Kemetian concern for hair longevity. This shared dedication to preservation, whether for earthly beauty or eternal dignity, underscores a profound cultural continuity.

The resilience of Black and mixed-race hair practices, particularly the continued focus on natural ingredients and protective measures, is a living testament to this relay of wisdom. Even during periods of immense oppression, such as the Transatlantic Slave Trade, where ancestral hair practices were suppressed, individuals found ways to maintain these traditions, often in secret. Cornrows, for instance, were ingeniously used as hidden maps for escape routes, and to conceal seeds for survival, demonstrating an astounding adaptive brilliance and the enduring power of hair as a vessel of resistance and heritage (Lordhair.com, 2023).

This historical example underscores the deep connection between hair and survival, identity, and ingenuity within the Black experience, drawing a powerful parallel to the foundational practicality of Kemetian hair care. The conscious reclamation of these practices in modern natural hair movements, emphasizing oils like shea butter and castor oil, and herbal rinses, reflects a return to ancient wisdom.

Relay

The thread of ancestral wisdom, spun through millennia, continues to nourish the very fibers of our textured hair. From the meticulous care routines of Kemet to the vibrant practices observed today, there is a clear, unbroken lineage that speaks to more than mere cosmetic upkeep. It speaks to a deep-seated understanding of wellness, of hair as an extension of one’s holistic being, and of problem-solving rooted in the abundant gifts of the natural world. This is the enduring heritage, a living archive of care that has been relayed across time, adapted, and reclaimed by generations.

Kemetian beauty practices, rooted in ancestral knowledge and natural ingredients, form a continuum with contemporary textured hair care, addressing concerns from moisture to scalp health.
Hands weave intricate patterns into the child's textured hair, celebrating ancestry and the shared ritual. The braided hairstyle embodies cultural heritage, love, and careful attention to the scalp’s wellness as well as an ongoing legacy of holistic textured hair care practices passed down through generations

The Alchemy of Ingredients and Care

Kemetian hair care was intrinsically linked to their environment and the natural resources available. They were adept at transforming botanicals and natural substances into potent remedies for hair health and styling. The continuous application of oils, the preparation of masks, and the attention to cleansing were not arbitrary acts; they were calculated rituals designed to maintain hair integrity in a challenging climate. This ancestral wisdom informs much of the modern approach to textured hair, where natural ingredients and consistent, deliberate regimens are paramount.

This image embodies the artistry of hair styling, reflecting a legacy of Black hair traditions and expressive styling. The precise parting and braiding signify a dedication to both personal expression and the ancestral heritage woven into the care of textured hair

How Do Kemetian Hair Care Ingredients Resonate with Modern Textured Hair Needs?

Consider the widespread Kemetian use of castor oil. Discovered in ancient tombs dating back to 4000 BCE, this oil was a staple for promoting hair growth and strengthening follicles (Nutrigold Blog, 2023). For modern textured hair, particularly coils and curls prone to dryness and breakage, castor oil remains a highly valued ingredient, renowned for its emollient properties and its ability to seal in moisture and fortify strands. Similarly, almond oil and olive oil, both used by Kemetians for soft, shiny hair, are still cherished in contemporary textured hair regimens for their nourishing fatty acids and vitamins.

These oils work to penetrate the hair shaft, providing lubrication and reducing friction, which is vital for maintaining the health of delicate textured strands. The Kemetians also mixed oils with honey and herbs, creating nutrient-rich hair masks. This tradition lives on in the modern practice of deep conditioning and hair masking, often using similar natural elements to revitalize and strengthen hair.

The Kemetians’ understanding extended to scalp health. While specific remedies for issues like dandruff are not explicitly detailed in all historical accounts, their reliance on cleansing with natural elements, possibly including a form of soda, and the use of oils with antimicrobial properties, suggests an intuitive grasp of scalp hygiene. The widespread practice of wearing wigs, often to protect natural hair from lice and sun, also indicates a preventive health strategy. Today, a healthy scalp is recognized as the foundation for healthy textured hair growth, leading to a resurgence in interest in natural remedies and scalp massages, a clear echo of ancient holistic practices.

  1. Oil Treatments ❉ The Kemetian practice of saturating hair with oils like castor and almond directly mirrors modern pre-shampoo treatments and leave-in conditioners for moisture retention.
  2. Hair Masks ❉ Formulations with honey and various herbs for shine and growth find their contemporary counterparts in deep conditioning masks designed to fortify textured hair.
  3. Scalp Care ❉ The Kemetian focus on overall hair health inherently included the scalp, paralleling current regimens that prioritize a balanced scalp microbiome using natural extracts and gentle cleansing.
Bathed in radiant sunlight, these Black and Brown women engage in the practice of styling their diverse textured hair patterns, highlighting ancestral heritage, affirming beauty standards, and demonstrating holistic haircare routines that honor coils, waves, springs, and undulations in a shared setting, reflecting community and self-love.

Nighttime Guardians and Daily Practices

The Kemetians understood the importance of protecting hair, not just during the day, but perhaps also during rest. While the specific mention of ‘bonnets’ is anachronistic, the widespread use of wigs and elaborate head coverings for both aesthetic and protective reasons points to a consciousness of hair preservation. These coverings would have shielded natural hair from friction, dust, and environmental elements, mimicking the role of modern bonnets and scarves in preserving textured styles and preventing moisture loss during sleep. The attention to detail in their funerary hair preparations, ensuring styles remained intact for the afterlife, speaks to an enduring belief in hair’s significance even beyond life itself.

Modern textured hair care deeply values nighttime rituals. Sleeping on satin or silk bonnets and pillowcases is a commonplace practice to reduce frizz, retain moisture, and prevent breakage, drawing a direct line to the ancient Kemetian concern for hair longevity. This shared dedication to preservation, whether for earthly beauty or eternal dignity, underscores a profound cultural continuity.

The resilience of Black and mixed-race hair practices, particularly the continued focus on natural ingredients and protective measures, is a living testament to this relay of wisdom. Even during periods of immense oppression, such as the Transatlantic Slave Trade, where ancestral hair practices were suppressed, individuals found ways to maintain these traditions, often in secret. Cornrows, for instance, were ingeniously used as hidden maps for escape routes, and to conceal seeds for survival, demonstrating an astounding adaptive brilliance and the enduring power of hair as a vessel of resistance and heritage (Lordhair.com, 2023).

This historical example underscores the deep connection between hair and survival, identity, and ingenuity within the Black experience, drawing a powerful parallel to the foundational practicality of Kemetian hair care. The conscious reclamation of these practices in modern natural hair movements, emphasizing oils like shea butter and castor oil, and herbal rinses, reflects a return to ancient wisdom.

Reflection

The journey through Kemetian hair traditions ultimately brings us back to the present, to the mirror that reflects our textured hair and the stories it carries. The whispers from ancient Egypt are not simply historical footnotes; they are a living current that flows through the very DNA of Black and mixed-race hair heritage. Each twist, every coil, a testament to resilience, a celebration of beauty, and a tangible link to a profound ancestral past.

The Kemetians understood hair as more than adornment; it was a symbol of status, a connection to the divine, a canvas for identity, and a subject of meticulous care. This holistic view, where the physical and the spiritual, the aesthetic and the practical, converged, offers a powerful framework for our contemporary relationship with textured hair.

The continuity of practices ❉ from the protective nature of braiding and the use of natural oils to the symbolic weight placed on hair as an identifier ❉ serves as a poignant reminder. Our hair is a living archive, bearing the legacy of ingenuity and the enduring spirit of communities that have always understood its intrinsic value. To engage with Kemetian hair traditions is to engage with our own heritage, to recognize the brilliance of those who came before us, and to reclaim a wisdom that empowers us to nurture our strands with purpose and reverence. It is to find the soul within each strand, connected to a legacy of beauty, strength, and an unbroken lineage of cultural expression.

References

  • McCreesh, Natalie et al. (2011). Ancient Egyptian hair gel: A molecular and microscopic analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38(12), 3505-3508.
  • Robins, Gay. (1999). Hair and the Construction of Identity in Ancient Egypt, c. 1480-1350 B.C. Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, 36, 55-69.
  • Robins, Gay. (2020). Hair, Gender, and Social Status in Ancient Egypt. JSTOR Daily.
  • Rappaport, S. (2022). Don’t touch my hair!: A guide to investigating race-based hair discrimination.
  • Lordhair.com. (2023). The Historical Journey of Black Hair.
  • University of Salford Students’ Union. (2024). The Remarkable History Behind Black Hairstyles.
  • Totnes Fashion & Textiles Museum. (n.d.). Hair and Wigs in Ancient Egypt.
  • TheCollector. (2022). Ancient Egypt’s Most Indulgent Beauty Secrets.
  • Nutrigold Blog. (2023). Castor Oil – an ancient approach to health.
  • Taliah Waajid Brand. (2018). 5 Interesting Historical Facts About Braiding.
  • AfrikaIsWoke.com. (2023). Ancient Egyptian Hairstyles In Africa Today.
  • Chosen Care. (2024). Celebrating Black Hair: Empowering Beauty and Resilience.
  • The Kurl Kitchen. (2024). The Cultural Significance Of Natural Hair In Different Communities.
  • Kosmos Society. (2018). Hair, part 3 | Rituals with hair.
  • Curationist. (n.d.). Hair and Makeup in Ancient Egypt.

Glossary

Ancestral Hair Practices

Meaning ❉ Ancestral Hair Practices signify the accumulated knowledge and customary techniques passed down through generations within Black and mixed-race communities, specifically concerning the well-being and styling of textured hair.

Kemetian Practices

Meaning ❉ Kemetian Practices, within the sphere of textured hair understanding, signify a deliberate approach to hair care, quietly informed by ancestral wisdom concerning personal well-being.

Kemetian Combs

Meaning ❉ Kemetian Combs refer to the historical tools, often crafted from natural materials, that served as foundational implements for hair care in ancient Kemet, now Egypt.

Natural Ingredients

Meaning ❉ Natural ingredients, within the context of textured hair understanding, are pure elements derived from the earth's bounty ❉ plants, minerals, and select animal sources ❉ processed with a gentle touch to preserve their inherent vitality.

Hair Traditions

Meaning ❉ Hair Traditions represent the inherited wisdom and established practices concerning hair care and styling, particularly within Black and mixed-race communities.

Head Coverings

Meaning ❉ Head Coverings, within the discourse of textured hair understanding, represent a considered application of protective principles, extending beyond mere adornment to safeguard the delicate structure of Black and mixed hair types.

Hair Health

Meaning ❉ Hair Health, for textured strands, denotes a state of optimal scalp vitality and fiber integrity, where each coil and kink displays balanced hydration and intrinsic resilience.

Mixed-Race Hair

Meaning ❉ Mixed-Race Hair describes hair that gracefully carries a spectrum of genetic expressions, often stemming from a beautiful confluence of ancestral legacies, manifesting as a unique array of curl patterns, textures, and porosities across a single head.

Kemetian Hair Craft

Meaning ❉ Kemetian Hair Craft signifies a thoughtful engagement with textured hair, drawing deeply from the enduring wisdom of ancient Kemet.

Kemetian Oils

Meaning ❉ Kemetian Oils denote a gentle lineage of plant-derived emollients and concentrated botanicals, thoughtfully composed, often drawing inspiration from ancient Kemetic traditions to specifically nourish the distinct structural needs of textured hair, from the softest waves to the most defined coils.